What is the role of carnitine (L carnitine) in the management of heart failure? l Carnitine and heart disease ScienceDirect The Carnitine Defense: An All Natural Nutraceutical Formula to Prevent Heart Disease, Control Diabetes and Help You Stay Healthy DeFelice M.D., Stephen L.: 9781579541330 AbeBooks L carnitine is primarily synthesized in the liver from the amino acids lysine and methionine through a series of four enzymatic reactions, with the liver and kidneys converting the precursor butyrobetaine into active TMAO: how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure Translational Research Primary carnitine deficiency cardiomyopathy International Journal of Cardiology